Showing posts with label byzantine. Show all posts
Showing posts with label byzantine. Show all posts

Tuesday, May 13, 2008

Bergamo and Milan

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The beautiful Galleria in Milan

Yesterday we took the train from Bergamo into Milan. This is the reason we're in Bergamo - hotels here are cheaper and easier to access here than in Milan. But we had a hard time getting ourselves to the train station and we considered skipping it entirely! We're just so tired of big cities and neither of us had any huge interest in Milan other than to get some nice photos for Sacred Destinations. But we dutifully "went to work" and of course ended up having a great time.

The trip didn't start off terribly well, as our train was 30 minutes late and then apparently broke, because we had to unexpectedly change trains later in the journey. That also meant we arrived at a different train station (Porta Garibaldi instead of Centrale), but it didn't make too much difference to us. Milan has five train stations, and most of them aren't very central.

We began the long and uninspiring walk to the center and soon came upon a delicious solution for lunch! A small restaurant had mouth-watering pots of freshly cooked dishes in the window available for takeaway. We got huge portions of food plus drinks for a total of 10 euros, all served up for us by a nice man who appeared to be the chef. We ate on a park bench a few blocks further into the city. Simple, cheap and so delicious.

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Our lunch restaurant

macaroni al ragu
I had chewy pasta tubes with meat sauce.

soup
David had a soup made with wide noodles, beans and (we think) pumpkin.

After still more walking in the heat past ugly modern buildings and lots of traffic, we arrived at the beautiful Galleria Vittorio Emanuele. Built in the 1860s, the Galleria is shaped like an X and open at the ends, allowing a lovely cool breeze to float through.

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The Galleria might be called a "covered market," Milan style.

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It was filled with well-dressed businessmen and shoppers and remarkably few tourists.

We used the bathrooms in the Galleria's shiny McDonalds, which David says was the first one to open in Italy. (It was the only one when he lived near Como in 1985.) Then we wandered in a couple of the fancy shops and I tried on some awesome bug-eye sunglasses at Prada. The salespeople were remarkably nice despite our very non-fashionable appearance. We spent some time in a wonderful little retro shop and I bought some magnets of vintage Vespa ads (big spender, I know!).

Then David spotted a fashion shoot going on nearby, and we joined the small crowd of onlookers. It was just so perfectly Milan!

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Then it was off to work at the cathedral, which is right next to the Galleria. We've actually been to Milan before, but only for about 15 minutes! On our honeymoon, we had an hour between trains and made the bold decision to get on the Metro and try to see some of the city real quick. We emerged from the Metro at the cathedral, only to be greeted by this:

duomo di milano

Ah, renovation work. It has been a frequent problem with our visits to old buildings, but this one really surpassed all others in the extent of coverage! We had to laugh, and after a few minutes of looking around the Galleria we had to get back on the Metro to catch our train.

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Four years later, the renovations are still there but getting closer to completion!

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Milan Cathedral is the largest Gothic cathedral in the world.

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Inside, it reminded us a lot of Cologne Cathedral but significantly wider, with a big central nave and two aisles on each side. It's not all that pretty, actually.

One bonus, however, is that you can walk on the roof! It's really something to wander among all those spires with gleaming white marble underfoot. There are two ways to get up there - the stairs (my choice) or a lift (David's choice).

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First you come out on a lower part of the roof, then you climb a few more stairs to the very top. This is one of David's photos from the lower part.

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View of the lower part of the roof from the top.

There were a few places of interest inside the cathedral too, both of which have separate (small) admission prices. First we visited the Treasury, which is in the crypt beneath the altar. It was fantastic, with a good collection of ancient ivory panels and other medieval art. A sign said photos were prohibited, but thankfully the young girl who sold us the ticket didn't seem to care one bit when everyone began to break the rule.

ivory gospel cover
raising of lazarus
This book cover is from the 5th century and was probably made in Ravenna! The detail below shows Jesus raising Lazarus from the dead. I find it interesting that all the earliest depictions of this show Jesus using a magic wand!

ivory panels
the empty tomb
Another ancient ivory panel, with a detail of the empty tomb on Easter morning. Unfortunately I don't know the date of this one, but it's an oldie.

And near the entrance door is another stairway that leads down to excavations beneath the cathedral. The foundations are of an Early Christian baptistery and the original cathedral.

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This was especially cool for me to see because it was in this baptistery that St. Ambrose, Bishop of Milan, baptized St. Augustine in 387 AD. I did part of my first master's dissertation on Augustine and I've always found him very interesting.

Speaking of Ambrose, it was to his church (the Basilica di Sant'Ambrogio) that we headed next. It was founded by Ambrose himself in 387 AD and he was buried in it. Milan was quite powerful at the time, and so was Bishop Ambrose.

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Despite its ancient origins, the current building dates mainly from the 11th century and is in the Romanesque style. It's an unusual shape, with a big cloister-like porch out front and several towers.

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Inside, it is absolutely overflowing with medieval art, including many Romanesque carved capitals, a 4th-century sarcophagus carved with biblical scenes (possibly suggested by Ambrose himself), a 9th-century silver altar, and a 10th-century canopy over the altar.

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But probably the most interesting sight was Ambrose himself! He is on display in the crypt, accompanied by two martyrs he had buried there. His skeleton appears to be glazed with something and is dressed in full bishop's finery.

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Ambrose is the higher one, in white.

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A closer look at Ambrose. I think this is the first time I've been able to come "face to face" with someone I've learned about in church history!

So we only visited one cathedral and one church in Milan, but it took all afternoon and a lot of walking. We were mighty beat by the time we headed home at around 6:30pm. Fortunately there is a Metro stop right next to Sant'Ambrogio that went straight to the Milano Centrale station. We had a nicer train and no problems on our way back to Bergamo, where our hotel (Mercure Palazzo Dolci) is only two blocks from the station.

Bergamo

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Our current hotel room, the Mercure Palazzo Dolci in Bergamo.

I haven't seen much of Bergamo, as I've mostly used our spare time here to get caught up on computer work. But the afternoon we arrived, David went out exploring and had a really nice time. In Bergamo the Old Town is also the High Town (Citta Alta), and you can take a funicular up to it. David walked up the hill (impressive!) and around most of the town, had some delicious pizza, and took some very nice pictures.

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View from Bergamo's High Town

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Another fine view in the evening view

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Sheets of pizza in the High Town. We think the yellow chunks in the middle are polenta - David didn't try that kind.

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Local varieties of fresh pasta - as always, it's a tragedy we don't have a stove and a pot!

Today I got this blog and some website stuff done and David went out looking for a laundromat with no success. We had a great, cheap lunch of takeaway pizza (snipped from a sheet with scissors) and strawberry-lemon muffins from a bakery called Tresoldi next to our hotel. We may go up to the High Town for dinner this evening, or we may laze out and just stay put!

Tomorrow - France! More on that in a separate post soon.

Saturday, May 10, 2008

Ravenna

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The Byzantine Empress Theodora in the Basilica di San Vitale

Ravenna is wonderful. We are here for two nights to see its ancient churches and Byzantine mosaics, which are considered the best in the world. I've been pretty excited about this stop, and I'm happy to say it has entirely lived up to my expectations.

In the early 5th century AD, Ravenna briefly became the capital of the Roman Empire because Rome was under threat from barbarian invasions. Shortly thereafter, the barbarians (specifically the Goths) conquered Rome and then Ravenna. They were Christians too, so they built and maintained churches in Ravenna. Not too long after that, Ravenna became the western capital of the Byzantine Empire. That's why this unassuming city in northeast Italy has several churches just as old as Rome.

Yet despite its great history and art, Ravenna isn't overrun by tourists. We saw plenty of fellow visitors at the churches, but we shared the streets almost entirely with locals. And the streets are some of the quietest we've experienced, thanks to a large pedestrianized zone and far less noisy mopeds than usual. Instead of mopeds there are bikes everywhere, and in fact tourists can rent yellow bicycles for free! The buildings are not especially quaint or historic (thanks in part to heavy bombing in WWII), but they are painted in the traditional warm hues and everything is well-kept and clean. The shops are fantastic and the locals seem well-off and happy.

If all that weren't enough, Ravenna is in the region of Emilia-Romagna, which is said to have the best food of any Italian region. We've only had one proper meal here, but it was indeed quite possibly the best we've had in Italy. And it was incredibly cheap! We had dinner outside and it was the perfect evening for it. The weather has been beautifully sunny the last few days, almost a little too hot!

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I had the local specialty, cappelletti al ragu, which was chewy and meaty and absolutely perfect. David had lasagne verde (made with green noodles) followed by scallopine al limone (veal fillet with lemon sauce), the latter of which he declared the best he's ever had.

We've also been gazing in the windows of food shops, which are especially beautiful and mouth-watering in Ravenna. Fresh cheese and meats, shiny olives, golden hand-made pasta.... Drool. They also have a covered market, which gave us fond memories of Oxford.

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During our short stay here we've visited several churches, two baptisteries, the mausoleum of an empress, and a small museum. The attractions are spaced throughout the city but none are more than a 10-minute walk apart. Well, with one exception - one of the 6th-century churches with Byzantine mosaics is 8km south of Ravenna in the port town of Classe, which we had to drive to.

We've taken hundreds of photos and I'm so pleased with our new collection, but I'll have to share just a sample for now. Virtually all the churches and mosaics date from the 400s and 500s AD.

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Basilica di San Vitale

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Apse mosaics in San Vitale

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Byzantine Emperor Justinian and his entourage in San Vitale

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Abraham and Isaac in San Vitale

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Mausoleum of Galla Placidia (wife of Roman Emperor Honorius; died 450 AD)

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Inside the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia

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One of the first depictions of the Four Gospels, in the Mausoleum

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Palace of Theodoric (the Goth)

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Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, built by Theodoric next to his palace

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Simplified mosaic depiction of Theodoric's palace inside Sant'Apollinare Nuovo. When the Byzantines came along later, they mosaiced over the heretical inhabitants of the palace - but you can still see a hand on the left column!

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Christ calling the disciples in Sant'Apollinare Nuovo

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The Three Magi bearing gifts in Sant'Apollinare Nuovo

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Sant'Apollinare in Classe (the one out of town)

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Inside Sant'Apollinare in Classe

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Early Christian tomb in Sant'Apollinare in Classe

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Baptism of Christ in the Arian Baptistery (built by the Goths, who were Arian "heretics")

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Baptism of Christ in the Orthodox Baptistery, built in the 400s before the Goths conquered Ravenna

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Exterior of Orthodox Baptistery

the good shepherd (4th cent.)
The oldest mosaic we saw in Ravenna, a 4th-century depiction of the Good Shepherd in the "Domus dei Tappeti di Pietra."

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The only contemporary depiction of the Fourth Crusade (13th century), in San Giovanni Evangelista.

These and a few more photos can be seen in my Ravenna set on Flickr.

We are staying at the Hotel Bisanzio, which has a good central location. The decor is terribly '70s in style, but other than that we've been happy here. We have free (excellent) wireless internet, a comfy bed, and the men at the front desk speak excellent English and have been so nice and helpful. The breakfast is pretty good, too.

Tomorrow we make another three-hour drive to Bergamo, our base for taking the train into Milan. And that will be our last stop in Italy!